In similar temps last week (single digits) my 95 Corolla MPG trailed off significantly but I still got 401 miles out of 12.9 gallons for 31 MPG.
I do not warm-up and have no short trips though. When you are warming up in extreme temps, the car takes a long time to warm-up to normal operating temps. During that time, the ECU is calling for a rich mixture to compensate for the feedback from the coolant temp sensor. When the oil light goes out, I get going. I also use full synthetic oil so cold starts are less stressful to my engine. I do take it easy with acceleration in these temps until it warms up just so undue strain is not put on the auto transmission.
As a comparison, hot weather driving will get me 39-40 MPG on the highway at 75 MPH.
Jay in MA
I just got only 225 miles out of 10.5 gallons of gas and I drive pretty easy - all city drivintg. 2004 CE auto with AC w/ 50k miles. I'm sure it's the extreme cold weather (average temp 15 - 20 f) but I didn't expect such an extreme drop-of. Lots of long warm ups and short trips don't help either.
That's 21.4 MPG. It is probably due to all the warm-ups and short trips. Generally you get zero miles per gallon when your engine is running and your car is not moving - such as during a warm-up or sitting in traffic.